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1-36 of 36
- Georgi Konstantinovich Zhukov was born on December 1, 1896, in the village of Strelkovka, Kaluga region, Russia. His parents were peasants. He served during the First World War in the Russian army under Tsar Nicholas II. He was awarded the Cross of St. George twice and promoted for his bravery in battle. He joined the Communist party after the Russian Revolution of 1917, and served in the Red Army during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1921, receiving his first Order of the Battle Red Banner for brutal extermination of non-Communist peasants.
Zhukov was not affected by the "Great Terror" and extermination of intellectuals by Joseph Stalin. His star rose quickly after the executions of much of the Red Army leadership by Stalin in 1937-1939. In 1939 Zhukov defeated Japan's Kwantung Army at the Battle of Halhin Gol. His victory became possible due to his detailed planning and skillful use of motorized artillery against the Japanese forces. For that achievement Zhukov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and promoted to full general. During the Second World War Zhukov was appointed Chief of the Red Army General Staff for six months until July 1941.
Zhukov was the only top general who had a major disagreement with Stalin on how to resist the advancing Nazi armies. He attempted to convince Stalin that the city of Kiev could not be held and all troops should be evacuated. Stalin reprimanded Zhukov and dismissed him. Zhukov's fears were proven right wen Kiev was in fact taken by the Germans and 500,000 Russian soldiers were captured and shipped off to Nazi POW camps (many never returned). Stalin was not ashamed and sent Zhukov to organize the defense of Moscow. The Germans were stopped at Moscow not brilliant tactics or planning but by reinforcements rushed in from from Siberia and by the courage of simple soldiers and selfless support from the population. Stalin then sent Zhukov to defend Leningrad. There he organized an impenetrable defense of the city of 3.5 million. Unable to overcome the city's defenses, the Germans laid siege to it in hopes of starving the defenders out. The siege lasted more than 900 days and resulted in the destruction of the German forces that tried to take it, although the city itself lost many of its residents and the soldiers defending it.
Zhukov was assigned by Stalin to several important engagements during the course of the war. In 1942 he was assisted, albeit indirectly, in the defense of Stalingrad by diverting part of the besieging German forces by attacking Rzhev and Vyazma. In 1943 he was fully involved in the strategic planning of the final stages of the Battle of Stalingrad. There he focused on attacking the Romanian and Hungarian units of the German forces, which were more ill-equipped than German units. Stalingrad was won after each side lost under a million people. In July 1943 Zhukov orchestrated the Battle of Kursk, which became the largest tank operation in history. After that victory he went back to besieged Leningrad. There Zhukov led the offensive Operation Bagration in January 1944, which liberated the survivors of Leningrad from long and exhausting siege.
In 1945 Zhukov led the final assault on the Nazi Germany. He was the chief strategic planner for the Battle of Berlin. Under his command the city of Berlin was captured in April 1945, leading to capitulation of the Nazi Germany. He was appointed the first commander of the Soviet occupation zone in Germany, which later became East Germany. Zhukov led the Soviet Victory Parade at the Red Square in Moscow, where he inspected the troops and saluted to Stalin. He was awarded four times the Hero of the Soviet Union. After the victory Zhukov invited the Allied Commander General Dwight D. Eisenhower and the two toured the Soviet Union together in the summer of 1945.
Stalin's jealousy led to quick removal of Zhukov from Berlin to a smaller post in Odessa. Humiliated Zhukov supported Nikita Khrushchev. After the death of Stalin, he arrested the main Khrushchev's rival Lavrenti Beria and was appointed the Defence Minister in 1955. Zhukov urged Nikita Khrushchev to send the Red Army troops to suppress the Hungarian revolution in 1956. In 1957 he again supported Khrushchev against the neo-Stalinist hard liners, and was made a full member of the Presidium (Politburo) of the Communist Party. However, when Khrushchev initiated downsizing of the Red Army, Zhukov disputed and was expelled by Khrushchev under suspicion of a planned coup.
In 1964 Khrushchev was dismissed by Leonid Brezhnev who restored Zhukov to favor, though not to power. In 1965, at the important 20th anniversary of Victory gathering in Moscow, Zhukov received a much greater acclaim than Brezhnev. During the Cold War Brezhnev made himself four times Hero of the Soviet Union in an effort to match Zhukov's medal count. Zhukov remained a highly reputable, though controversial and enigmatic figure in the Soviet Union. He died on June 18, 1974, and was buried in Moscow. - Svetlana Timofeyeva-Letunovskaya was born on 25 June 1972 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia]. She is an actress, known for Dikiy (2009), Za chuzhie grekhi (2015) and Kapkan dlya killera (2009).
- Marina Grankova was born on 21 April 1974 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia]. She is an actress, known for Now or Never (2014), The Wicked Uncle (2011) and The Undertaker (2013).
- Andrey Frolov was born on 3 August 1979 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia]. He is an actor, known for Gosudarstvennaya granitsa (2013), Izgoy (2023) and Moskva, ya lyublyu tebya! (2010).
- Mikhail Yershov was born on 10 December 1924 in Kamkino, Mosalsk Uyezd, Kaluga Governorate, RSFSR, USSR [now Baryatino Raion, Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He was a director, known for Rodnaya krov (1964), Blokada: Luzhskiy rubezh, Pulkovskiy meredian (1974) and Pod stuk kolyos (1959). He died on 29 September 2004 in St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Director
- Writer
Aleksey Sakharov was born on 17 April 1934 in Vorotynsk, RSFSR, USSR [now Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He was a director and writer, known for Colleagues (1962), Na boykom meste (1998) and Lady Into Lassie (1995). He died on 21 January 1999 in Moscow, Russia.- Actor
- Director
- Writer
Mikhail Yanshin was a Russian actor of Moscow Art Theatre.
He was born Mikhail Mikhailovich Yanshin on November 2, 1902, in Yukhnov, Smolensk province, Russian Empire (now Kaluga province, Russia). His father, Mikhail Yanshin, was a banking clerk. From 1909-1916 Yanshin studied at private Olkhovsky School in Moscow. From 1916-1919 he studied at Moscow Technical school, then entered the College of Technology, then joined the Red Army. He served in the Security Forces of the Red Army until 1922. That same year he was admitted to 2nd Studio of the Moscow Art Theatre where his teacher was Michael Chekhov. In 1924 he was promoted to leading roles by Konstantin Stanislavski and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko.
Yanshin shot to fame in Moscow in 1926, with his successful performances as Lariosik in 'Dni Turbinykh' (The days of the Turbins) by Mikhail A. Bulgakov. The play ran more than two hundred performances and was attended by Joseph Stalin for at least fifteen times. In November of 1926 Yanshin married actress Veronika Polonskaya, who was just eighteen; writer Mikhail A. Bulgakov was his best man at the wedding. Polonskaya and Yanshin were friends of Vladimir Mayakovsky, who became involved in affair with Polonskaya. All three were together the night before Vladimir Mayakovsky killed himself by the gunshot.
From 1937-1941 Mikhail Yanshin was Artistic Director of Moscow Gipsy Theatre "Romen"; at that time he was married to the leading actress Lyalya Chyornaya (Nadezhda Kiseleva). Yanshin updated the repertoire by adding classic plays of Alexander Pushkin and Maxim Gorky to the traditional Gipsy show. In 1939 he also directed two plays by 'Federico Garcia Lorca', who was revered in Russia after his tragic execution in Franco's Spain. From 1941 to the end of his life Yanshin was again with the Moscow Art Theatre.
From 1950-1963 Yanshin was Artistic Director of the Stanislavsky Drama Theatre. There he met beautiful actress Nonna Meyer; they married in 1955 and remained together until his death. Yanshin was responsible for bringing new life to the struggling Stanislavsky Drama Theatre. He stimulated mature actors and encouraged young talents, such as Evgeniy Leonov, Evgeniy Vesnik, Evgeniy Urbanskiy, Boris Levinson, Pyotr Glebov, Liliya Gritsenko, Elizaveta Nikishchikhina, Vladimir Anisko and other notable Russian actors. After the death of Joseph Stalin, when the cultural "Thaw" was initiated by Nikita Khrushchev, Yanshin again staged 'Dni Turbinykh' (The days of the Turbins) by Mikhail A. Bulgakov. This time the legendary role of Lariosik was brilliantly played by Evgeniy Leonov.
In 1963 Yanshin was attacked by the Soviet Ministry of Culture. His effort to stage new contemporary plays was criticized by hard-line officials. Yanshin quit the Stanislavsky Drama Theatre and moved back to the troupe of Moscow Art Theatre, which was struggling after the death of both founders, Konstantin Stanislavski and Nemirovich-Danchenko. At that time, Yanshin was instrumental in bringing director Oleg Efremov to lead the struggling MKhAT to renewal and re-gaining popularity among the younger audiences. Yanshin together with Alla Tarasova were the strongest supporters of artistic innovations brought by Oleg Efremov to the Moscow Art Theatre.
Mikhail Yanshin was designated People's Artist of the USSR (1955), and was awarded State Prize of the USSR (1975). He was twice decorated with the Order of Lenin, and received other awards and decorations. He enjoyed a lasting film career spanning over 45 years, from silent films to Soviet comedies of the 60s and 70s. Yanshin died of a heart failure on July 17, 1976, in Moscow, and was laid to rest in Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow, Russia.- Roza Balashova was born on 9 August 1927 in Gostye village, Kaluga Governorate, RSFSR, USSR [now Kaluga oblast, Russia]. She was an actress, known for Ten u pirsa (1955), Mechty sbyvayutsya (1959) and Ispoved (1962). She died on 7 February 2005 in St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Actor
- Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
Afanasiy Trishkin was born on 14 March 1937 in Pesochnya, Kaluga Oblast, RSFSR, USSR [now Pesochnya, Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He is an actor and assistant director, known for Come and See (1985), Rasputin (1981) and Poslednyaya okhota (1980).- Actress
- Additional Crew
Lyudmila Gavrilova was born on 17 November 1951 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia]. She is an actress, known for Svakha (2007), Severnaya rapsodiya (1974) and Glukhar (2008).- Cinematographer
- Actor
Igor Ivanov was born on 28 November 1957 in Kaluga, USSR. He was a cinematographer and actor, known for Zimovye na Studyonoy (1986), Surprise (2008) and Sedmoy lepestok (2007). He died on 14 March 2019 in Kiev, Ukraine.- Roman Indyk was born on 5 March 1973 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Kaluga, Russia]. He is an actor, known for The Spy (2012), Vne igry (2018) and Kurer iz 'Raya' (2013).
- Director
- Cinematographer
- Writer
Pavel Ignatov was born on 19 July 1975 in Obninsk, Kaluga, Russia. Pavel is a director and cinematographer, known for Yuristy (2019), Na skorosti (2021) and Uprava (2008).- Nikolay Azarov was born on 17 December 1947 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia]. He is an actor, known for Since it's not late (2015) and Pozner (2008).
- Nikolay Dubinskiy was born on 10 January 1912 in Kaluga, Kaluga uyezd, Kaluga Governorate, Russian Empire [now Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He was an actor, known for Belorusskie novelly (1943), Lunnyy kamen (1935) and Nepobedimye (1943). He died on 23 February 2002 in Voronezh, Voronezh Oblast, Russia.
- Actor
Pavel Tsybin was born in 1905 in Kaluga, Kaluga Governorate, Russian Empire [now Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He was an actor. He died in May 1943 in Crimean ASSR, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia].- Cinematographer
Henriks Pilipsons was born on 10 March 1936 in Kaluga, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR, USSR [now Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. Henriks was a cinematographer, known for The Last Soviet Movie (2003), Daleko ot Sankt-Peterburga (1992) and 24-25 ne vozvrashchaetsya (1969). Henriks died on 21 October 2014 in Riga, Latvia.- Ivan Turchenkov was born on 30 May 1914 in Kaluga Governorate, Russian Empire [now Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He was an actor, known for Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears (1980), The Shooting Party (1978) and Tainstvennyy monakh (1968). He died on 27 September 1993 in Moscow, Russia.
- Boris Lesovoy was born on 27 April 1888 in Kaluga Governorate, Russian Empire [now Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He was an actor, known for Uchitel tantsev (1952) and Selskiy vrach (1952). He died on 17 June 1954 in Moscow, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia].
- Nikolay Zimenko was born on 5 January 1903 in Kaluga, Russia. He was an actor, known for Myatezh (1929). He died on 1 July 1975 in Russian SSR, USSR [now Russia].
- Nikolay Budashkin was born on 6 August 1910 in village Lyubakhovka, Mosalsk uyezd, Kaluga Governorate, Russian Empire [now Mosalsky District, Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He was a composer, known for Through Fire, Water and... Trumpets (1968), Bride with a Dowry (1953) and Smertnyy vrag (1972). He died on 31 January 1988 in Moscow, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia].
- Danilov Gleb Yurievich was born on July 4, 1994 in Kaluga. 2005 - 2012 - Actor of the Kaluga Youth Theater. In 2016 he graduated from RATI-GITIS (course of V.A. Andreev). In 2016 he was invited to the Moscow theater "Et cetera". Collaborates with the Yermolova Theater. In the film "The Final Stand" (2020) (ID 12216986) Gleb played the role of Cadet Slavik Nikitin.
- Mira Redina was born on 8 February 1926 in Kaluga, Kaluga uyezd, Kaluga Governorate, RSFSR, USSR [now Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. She was an actress, known for Russian Ballerina (1947). She died in 2011.
- Aleksandr Novikov was born on 14 January 1959 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia]. He is an actor, known for Lawa. Opowiesc o 'Dziadach' Adama Mickiewicza (1989), Lyublyu. Zhdu. Lena (1983) and Put (2009).
- Dmitriy Oleynik was born on 31 May 1974 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia]. He is an actor, known for Berenshtein (2021) and Geniy (2019).
- Aleksandr Amfiteatrov was born on 26 December 1862 in Kaluga, Kaluga Governorate, Russian Empire [now Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He was a writer, known for V strane lyubvi (1917), Nelly Raintseva (1916) and Teni grekha (1915). He died on 26 February 1938 in Levanto, Liguria, Italy.
- Actress
Irina Safronova was born on 7 December 1961 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia]. She is an actress.- Production Designer
- Actor
Sergey Tyrin was born on 19 September 1976 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia]. He is a production designer and actor, known for Streltsov (2020), Salyut-7 (2017) and Nikto ne znaet pro seks (2006).- Actor
- Writer
Afanasi Belov was born on 25 January 1909 in village Vosty, Kozelsk uyezd, Kaluga Governorate, Russian Empire [now Ulyanovsky District, Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He was an actor and writer, known for Zakonnyy brak (1985), Neznakomy naslednik (1976) and The Winner (1947). He died on 30 October 1989 in Moscow, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia].- Actor
- Soundtrack
Pyotr Shcherbakov was born on 21 July 1929 in Pozdnyakovo, Kaluga Governorate, RSFSR, USSR [now Kaluga Oblast, Russia]. He was an actor, known for Office Romance (1977), Winter Night in Gagra (1985) and Zerograd (1988). He died on 16 March 1992 in Moscow, Russia.- Composer
- Soundtrack
Serafim Tulikov was born on 7 July 1914 in Kaluga, Russian Empire [now Russia]. He was a composer, known for V etot prazdnichnyi vecher (1959), U tikhoi pristani (1958) and Chor (1988). He died on 29 January 2004 in Moscow, Russia.- Irina Jonsson was born on 7 December 1961 in Kaluga, USSR. She is an actress, known for Pravo lyubit (1986), Seeking Temporary Wife (2003) and Rus iznachalnaya (1986).
- Actor
- Additional Crew
Yuriy Averbakh was born on 8 February 1922 in Kaluga, Russian SFSR, USSR [now Russia]. He was an actor, known for Grossmeyster (1973). He died on 7 May 2022 in Moscow, Russia.- Sergey Grigorev was born on 17 May 1988 in Kaluga, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia].
- Valeriy Khromushkin was born on 12 January 1956 in Kaluga, Kaluzhskaya oblast, RSFSR, USSR [now Russia]. He was an actor, known for Lyubi menya, kak ya tebya (1986), Ippodrom (1980) and Intergirl (1989). He died on 17 October 2012 in Moscow, Russia.
- Fyodor Shakhmagonov was born on 16 June 1923 in Kaluga, Russian SFSR, USSR [now Russia]. He was a writer, known for Podnyataya tselina - vtoraya seriya (1960), The Destiny of a Man (1959) and Mechenyy atom (1973). He died on 20 September 2014 in Liege, Belgium.