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1-16 of 16
- Mary Anne Evans was born on 22 November 1819 at South Farm, Arbury Hall near Nuneaton, Warwickshire. Her parents were Robert Evans, the manager of Arbury Hall, and Christina Evans. She had four siblings: Robert, Fanny, Chrissy and Isaac. Mary was always considered a serious child and she always had free access to books. She soon became a great literature admirer. She had a special fall for Greek Literature and she would include many elements of Greek tragedy on her books. She also had a strong influence of social issues and religion. This latter was probably due to the Baptist education she would receive later.
Mary Anne attended Miss Latham's boarding school and then (in 1828) Mrs. Wallington's Boarding School at Nuneaton. At this second school she met Maria Lewis who was the governess of the school and had strong evangelical believes. Mary Anne then moved to Miss Franklin's school at Coventry. At this third school she developed her knowledge in literature and also studied French and the piano.
When her mother died in 1838 Mary had to leave school and come back to her father, but she never gave up studying. Her father bought her books and paid private tutor for her. She had Italian and German lessons too.
Some time after, Mary and her father moved to Foleshill where she later met many intellectuals and thinkers and these people may have had strong influence on her later work. She stopped going to the church, what made the relation with her father and close friendship with Maria Lewis unstable. In 1844 she begun working on the translation of "Das Leben Jusu" written in German by theologian David Strauss (1808 - 1874).
When her father died she traveled with the Brays (her friends) to Switzerland in order to refresh her mind. In 1850 she moved to London and then became friend of John Chapman, a publisher and bookseller. In 1851 Chapman bought "Westminister Reviwe" and hired Mary Anne, who was then calling herself Marian Evans, as the editor. With Mary, the journal became a success.
Marian then met George Lewes and they became close friends. George's marriage to Agnes Jervis had been over and he and Mary started dating and. In 1854 they started living together, but George was still legally married to Agnes. This had a very negative impact onto the London society and many people stopped talking to the couple.
In 1856 she published "Scenes of Clerical Life" under the male name of George Eliot - because she believed it would make her job more respected. In 1859 another work came out, "Adam Bede", a great success. When "The Mill of the Floss", was published, the real identity of George Eliot was not a secret anymore, but the book was successful.
She published other successful books later: "Silas Marner" (1861) and "Romola"(1863). It took her three more years until "Felix Holt, the Radical" came out. After the serious publication of "Middelmarch"(1871- 1872), she became even more famous and rich. Unfortunately her health
George Lewes died in 1878 and Mary Anne became alone. In 1880 she married John Cross, a close friend she and George had. However, seven months after their marriage, Mary Anne died. - Writer
- Music Department
Gustave Flaubert was born on December 12, 1821, in Rouen, Seine-Inférieure, France. His father was a Medical Doctor and practiced surgery in Rouen, in Hôtel-Dieu (where Flaubert was born). His mother was from an aristocratic Norman family. Young Flaubert received a good private education with emphasis on literature. In 1840 he went to Law School in Paris. There he met Victor Hugo and made his plan of becoming a writer. In 1846 he abandoned Paris and the study of law, after a probably nervous disease. From 1846-1854 he had an affair with the poet Louise Colet, which was his only relationship, and he never married. Flaubert traveled about several countries in Europe and in Africa. His travel experiences, especially those in Greece, Egypt, and Tunisia, gave him material for his writings.
Flaubert's first masterpiece, 'The Temptation of St. Anthony' (1849), was at first rejected by his friends Louis Bouilhet and Maxime du Camp and its publication was postponed. From 1850-1856 he was writing 'Madame Bovary', which was published in 1856. Flaubert and his publisher were charged of immorality in a law suit brought by the French government in 1957, but both were acquitted. In 1862 he published 'Salammbo', which became material for the eponymous opera by 'Modest Mussorgsky'. In 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War, Flaubert's home was occupied by Prussian soldiers, and he suffered from a nervous breakdown. In 1872 his mother died, which caused him a depression. At that time he was supported by his close friend Ivan Turgenev, a Russian writer of decent means, who lived in Europe. Flaubert also enjoyed a friendship by correspondence with George Sand. After the traumatic events of war and the death of is mother, Flaubert lived a life of an ascetic monk for the rest of his life. He rarely visited Paris, and his health deteriorated rapidly. He died on May 8, 1880, in his mother's home in Croisset, and was laid to rest in the Flaubert family vault in the cemetery of Rouen, France.
Flaubert's comprehensive biography by Jean-Paul Sartre is considered definitive. Flaubert's correspondence with George Sand and Ivan Turgenev has been studied ever since as an immensely valuable historic and literary material. His books has been translated in many languages and sold millions of copies around the world. Flaubert's classic novel 'Madame Bovary' was adapted for film and television more that ten times. The 1991 adaptation, starring Isabelle Huppert, was nominated for Oscar.- Music Department
- Composer
- Writer
Jacques Offenbach, the son of a synagogue cantor, was born in Cologne, Germany, June 20, 1819. So strong were his musical talents that the Paris Conservatory waived the rule forbidding foreigners and enrolled him. At the completion of his studies he began playing the cello in the orchestra of the prestigious Opera-Comique. In 1850 he was appointed musical director of the Comedie Frangaise, another of France's principal theaters; he continued in this position for five years. During this period he began writing comic operas. When he realized that he would be unable to get them performed by established production organizations, he decided to open a theater of his own -- Bouffes Parisiens--in 1855. There he wrote and presented twenty-five musical satires, farces, and comic operas within a three-year period. In response to this work, he became the idol of Parisian theater-goers. In the years that followed he remained the master of French comic opera, enjoying great popularity and irregular financial success. He travelled to America in 1876 on a performance tour. His desire to write musical work of a more serious nature led him to consider the opera project which eventually resulted in The Tales of Hoffmann. Although the work was almost complete at his death, he never lived to see the opera performed. He died in Paris on October 4, 1880, four months before the opera's premiere. Although The Tales of Hoffmann is undeniably Offenbach's greatest work, his delightful lighter efforts are still produced periodically throughout the world. Among the most popular of these are Orpheus in the Underworld, La belle Helehne, La Grand Duchesse de Gerolstein, and La Perichole.- Composer
- Soundtrack
Henryk Wieniawski was born on 10 July 1835 in Lublin, Poland, Russian Empire [now Lublin, Lubelskie, Poland]. He was a composer, known for Prometheus (2012), The Help (2011) and Sightseers (2012). He was married to Isabella Hampton. He died on 31 March 1880 in Moscow, Russian Empire [now Russia].- Filipp Nasedkin was born on 27 August 1909 in Znamenka, Kursksaya guberniya, Russian Epire. He was a writer, known for Krasnyy chernozyom (1977) and Velikie golodrantsy (1973). He died on 3 June 1880 in Moscow, USSR.
- Soundtrack
Epes Sargent was born on 27 September 1813 in Gloucester, Massachusetts, USA. Epes was married to Elizabeth W. Weld. Epes died on 30 December 1880 in Boston, Massachusetts, USA.- Frederick Oakeley was born on 5 September 1802 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England, UK. He died on 29 January 1880 in Islington, London, England, UK.
- Ferenc Csepreghy was born on 15 August 1842 in Szalka, Hungary. He was a writer, known for Sárga csikó (1914), A piros bugyelláris (1917) and A piros bugyelláris (1921). He died on 6 February 1880 in Görbersdorf, Lower Silesia, Germany [now Sokolowsko, Dolnoslaskie, Poland].
- Juan Eugenio Hartzenbusch was born on 6 September 1806 in Madrid, Spain. Juan Eugenio was a writer, known for Los amantes de Teruel (1912). Juan Eugenio died on 2 August 1880 in Madrid, Spain.
- Daniel Chonqadze was born on 18 March 1830 in Kvavili, Georgia, Russian Empire. Daniel was a writer, known for Suramis tsikhe (1922) and The Legend of Suram Fortress (1985). Daniel died on 29 June 1880 in Tbilisi, Georgia, Russian Empire.
- Estanislao Del Campo was born on 7 February 1834 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He was a writer, known for El Fausto Criollo (2011). He was married to Carolina Micaela Lavalle Darregueyra. He died on 6 November 1880 in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Karl von Holtei was born on 24 January 1798 in Breslau, Silesia, Prussia, Holy Roman Empire [now Wroclaw, Dolnoslaskie, Poland]. Karl was a writer, known for 33 minuty w Zielonej Górze, czyli w polowie drogi (2016), Der halbe Weg - 33 Minuten in Grüneberg (1939) and Die verhängnisvolle Faschingsnacht (1962). Karl died on 12 February 1880 in Breslau, Silesia, Germany [now Wroclaw, Dolnoslaskie, Poland].
- Soundtrack
Author and social reformer Lydia Marie Child was born on February 11, 1803, into a staunchly abolitionist family (a stance that was quite unpopular at the time). She attended a seminar for a year, and her social awareness was largely due to the influence of her brother, a Unitarian clergyman who later became a professor at Harvard Divinity School. She took up the cause not only of the abolition of slavery but also the care of the poor. She wrote many books on various subjects, ranging from anti-slavery tracts to tips for housewives.
In 1826 she founded the first magazine directed at children, "The Juvenile Miscellany". She discontinued that publication in 1833 when she married David Child and the two published "An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans". The book came under severe criticism from many quarters of American society--especially in the South--largely due to the fact that it advocated the formal education of blacks, but overall it focused attention on a subject that many Americans of the time knew little or nothing about--slavery--and actually converted some slaveowners to the abolitionist cause.
From 1840-44 she and her husband were the editors of "The National Anti-Slavery Standard", a newspaper published weekly in New York City. They moved to Wayland, Massachusetts, in 1852, buying a farm and settling down there. They continued their involvement in the abolitionist cause, writing books and contributing money to anti-slavery organizations, and got involved in the anti-death penalty movement.
She died on her farm in Wayland on October 20, 1880.
She was involve to posthumous soundtracks like Planes, Trains & Automobiles (1987). In 1973 it recorded the soundtrack to this song in A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving (1973), Boardwalk Empire (2010) and The Middle (2009).- Hermann von Schmid was born on 30 March 1815 in Waizenkirchen, Upper Austria, Austrian Empire. Hermann was a writer, known for Der bayerische Hiasel (1920). Hermann died on 19 October 1880 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
- Constantino Brumidi (July 26, 1805 - February 19, 1880) was a Greek-Italian-American historical painter, best known and honored for his fresco work, Apotheosis of Washington, in the Capitol Building in Washington, DC. Brumidi was born in Rome, his father a Greek from Filiatra in the province of Messinia, Greece, and his mother an Italian. He showed his talent for fresco painting at an early age and painted in several Roman palaces, among them being that of Prince Torlonia. Under Gregory XVI he worked for three years in the Vatican.
- Tom Taylor was born on 19 October 1817 in Bishop Wearmouth, England, UK. He was a writer, known for The Ticket of Leave Man (1937), The Fool's Revenge (1916) and Still Waters Run Deep (1916). He died on 12 July 1880 in Wandsworth, London, England, UK.