Holly writes generic Western movies. American tales about good and evil, comfortable tales, with happy endings for forgettable enjoyment.
When he sets up to visit and work for, then trying to investigate the death of an old friend, Harry Lime in Post-War Europe he finally gets to see the bigger picture.
The essential story of The Third Man is American optimism and the contrast of Post-War Europe, Vienna in this case.
Arriving in Vienna, there are little to no friendly faces. He meets the alleged friends of Harry Lime. Kurtz, Dr Winkle & Popescu. All of them are shifty, vicious, uncontrolled, opportunistic, lying and corrupt people. Something that our protagonist is never quite able to grasp.
The movie has been praised for its cinematography, but cinematography is nothing if it doesn't evoke some sort of emotion, some sort of over all tone and atmosphere. The setting, the irrigated streets and the crumbling buildings, the stylish noir lighting and completely inclined and oblique shots all tell us something about the city and it's people. Life is frustrating, crying for help, but drowning in existential fears. Nothing is optimistic, nothing expresses any sort of happiness. This is not only shown through cinematography but also by the characters behaving, and talking. Multiple names are swapped, mistaken. Our love angle Anna continuously mistakes Holly, for her lover Harry. Dr Winkle demands to be called "Winkel", and even our protagonist calls the police officer Collohan, instead of Calloway. Holly is never able to grasp the cynical mindset of Vienna. He is trusting, yet he is naive and weak.
Harry Lime has become a high profile criminal, his allies rule the black market. The police, divided into 4 nationalities, who are also never able to communicate with the people, are used to it, yet take too much time to do something against it. Harry Lime quotes:
"You know what the fellow said: In Italy for 30 years under the Borgias they had warfare, terror, murder and bloodshed, but they produced Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and the Renaissance. In Switzerland they had brotherly love--they had 500 years of democracy and peace, and what did that produce? The cuckoo clock."
People need to suffer, for other people to succeed. He has no problem with that as long as he profits of it.
Speaking of Harry Lime, he may have the most famous character introduction in the history of motion pictures. Now, we all know that Orson Welles will eventually show up and Harry Lime isn't dead after all, but his charisma is completely off-the-charts. From the slow built, the cat walk (with hint), Holly's anger, the sudden lighting, and that infamous smile, this has to be one of the most memorable moments in all of cinema. Orson Welles delivers such a strong, gripping and unique performance that he nearly, but only nearly, completely overshadows Joseph Cottons fantastic lead performance.
One of the key aspects of this movie is the tragic love of Holly for Anna, who will always love Harry, no matter if he cares or not. And he doesn't. Film-noir should always emphasize cynical attitudes and sexual motivations, with a desperate male at its front and center.
The Third Man is no exception. Throughout the movie Holly falls in love with Anna, but she can not give him the satisfaction.
Holly fails to impress, and "win" Anna in the end because he keeps hold of his American optimism. I will get the lady if I help her, I will be the hero for shooting the bad guy. But this motive does not work on the large scale.
Harry tells him "The world doesn't make any heroes outside of your stories." When Holly finally kills the wanted criminal he thinks he is the hero. But he isn't. Every attempt he has made to be the typical American hero is unforgivingly dismembered.
In the end, he acts heroic and morally correct - and he loses everything; the one friend he had in life and the one love he thought he could have.
I believe that last shot is a mad act of pure brilliance. The movie closes as it opens. At Harry Limes funeral, Holly and the police officer in the car, Hollys glance at Anna and his decision to say goodbye. The sequence is disturbingly long and immensely uncomfortable. Anna's unspeakable cynicism is the final thing we see.
The Third Man (1949) is arguably the greatest film-noir ever made. It's shifting layers, thought provoking themes, nuanced performances, countless set ups, confrontations and resolutions, as well as it's cinematography and depiction of tragedy are timeless.
5*
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